Antiwear and Extreme Pressure Properties of Nanofluids for Industrial Applications

This study investigates the effect of CuO, TiO ₂, Al ₂O ₃, and multiwalled nanotube (MWNT) nanoparticles at various treat rates on the tribological properties, namely, wear, coefficient of friction (COF), and pressure of seizure (p _oz), of metalworking fluids during lubricating processes in diverse industrial applications. Results are reported based on two methods: wear scar diameter (WSD) and COF by ASTM D5183 and p _oz by the Institute for Sustainable Technologies–National Research Institute (ITEePib) Polish method for testing lubricants under scuffing conditions. Results showed significant improvements with small filler concentrations of nanoparticles. CuO nanofluids showed a diminishment of 86% for WSD at 0.01 wt%, whereas TiO ₂ resulted in an increase in p _oz of up to ∼250% at 0.05 wt% compared to pure conventional fluid.