TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison Between a Standard and SalivaDirect RNA Extraction Protocol for Molecular Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 Using Nasopharyngeal Swab and Saliva Clinical Samples
AU - Rodríguez Flores, Sofía N.
AU - Rodríguez-Pérez, Mario A.
AU - Rodríguez Martínez, Luis Mario
AU - Reyes-Berrones, Bernardita L.
AU - Fernández-Santos, Nadia A.
AU - Sierra-Moncada, Elthon J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The present work was performed under the auspices of the Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública de Tamaulipas (Secretaría de Salud-México) in collaboration with the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), México (Grant No. 314311) where Dr. Lihua Wei was PI. SRF holds a M.Sc. scholarship from CONACYT, México (1004818). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Funding Information:
We are grateful to the individuals of the municipalities of Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas who granted us permission to obtain their clinical samples for COVID-19 testing. Funding. The present work was performed under the auspices of the Laboratorio Estatal de Salud P?blica de Tamaulipas (Secretar?a de Salud-M?xico) in collaboration with the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog?a (CONACYT), M?xico (Grant No. 314311) where Dr. Lihua Wei was PI. SRF holds a M.Sc. scholarship from CONACYT, M?xico (1004818). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2021 Rodríguez Flores, Rodríguez-Martínez, Reyes-Berrones, Fernández-Santos, Sierra-Moncada and Rodríguez-Pérez.
PY - 2021/3/29
Y1 - 2021/3/29
N2 - During the COVID-19 pandemic, a certified laboratory of Tamaulipas, Mexico has processed over 100,000 samples of COVID-19 suspected patients, working a minimum of 100 tests daily. Thus, it would be beneficial for such certified laboratories nationwide to reduce the time and cost involved in performing the diagnosis of COVID-19, from sample collection, transportation to local lab, processing of samples, and data acquisition. Here, 30 nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples from the same COVID-19 individuals were assessed by a standard nucleic acid extraction protocol, including protein lysis with proteinase K followed by binding to column, washing, and elution, and by the SalivaDirect protocol based on protein lysis, skipping the other steps to reduce processing time and costs. The genomic RNA was amplified using a SARS-CoV-2 Real-Time PCR kit. A variation (P > 0.05) in the 95% CIs = 72.6%–96.7% was noted by using the SalivaDirect protocol and saliva samples (sensitivity of 88.2%) in comparison to those of standard protocol with oropharyngeal swab samples (95% CIs = 97.5%–100%; sensitivity of 100%) as reported elsewhere. However, when using nasopharyngeal swab samples in the SalivaDirect protocol (sensitivity of 93.6%; 95% CIs = 79.2%–99.2%), it was in concordance (P < 0.05) with those of the standard one. The logical explanation to this was that two samples with Ct values of 38, and 40 cycles for gene E produced two false negatives in the SalivaDirect protocol in relation to the standard one; thus, there was a reduction of the sensitivity of 6.4% in the overall assay performance.
AB - During the COVID-19 pandemic, a certified laboratory of Tamaulipas, Mexico has processed over 100,000 samples of COVID-19 suspected patients, working a minimum of 100 tests daily. Thus, it would be beneficial for such certified laboratories nationwide to reduce the time and cost involved in performing the diagnosis of COVID-19, from sample collection, transportation to local lab, processing of samples, and data acquisition. Here, 30 nasopharyngeal swab and saliva samples from the same COVID-19 individuals were assessed by a standard nucleic acid extraction protocol, including protein lysis with proteinase K followed by binding to column, washing, and elution, and by the SalivaDirect protocol based on protein lysis, skipping the other steps to reduce processing time and costs. The genomic RNA was amplified using a SARS-CoV-2 Real-Time PCR kit. A variation (P > 0.05) in the 95% CIs = 72.6%–96.7% was noted by using the SalivaDirect protocol and saliva samples (sensitivity of 88.2%) in comparison to those of standard protocol with oropharyngeal swab samples (95% CIs = 97.5%–100%; sensitivity of 100%) as reported elsewhere. However, when using nasopharyngeal swab samples in the SalivaDirect protocol (sensitivity of 93.6%; 95% CIs = 79.2%–99.2%), it was in concordance (P < 0.05) with those of the standard one. The logical explanation to this was that two samples with Ct values of 38, and 40 cycles for gene E produced two false negatives in the SalivaDirect protocol in relation to the standard one; thus, there was a reduction of the sensitivity of 6.4% in the overall assay performance.
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U2 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.638902
DO - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.638902
M3 - Article
C2 - 33855014
SN - 2296-4185
VL - 9
SP - 638902
JO - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
JF - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
M1 - 638902
ER -