TY - JOUR
T1 - Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells in the Progression to Liver Metastasis
AU - González Villarreal, Carlos Alberto
AU - Quiroz-Reyes, Adriana
AU - Francisco Islas, José
AU - Garza-Treviño, Elsa
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2020 Gonzalez-Villarreal, Quiroz-Reyes, Islas and Garza-Treviño.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/8/20
Y1 - 2020/8/20
N2 - Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality. Tumorigenesis is a dynamic process wherein cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their microenvironment promote initiation, progression, and metastasis. Metastatic colonization is an inefficient process that is very complex and is poorly understood; however, in most cases, metastatic disease is not curable, and resistance mechanisms tend to develop against conventional treatments. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors that contribute to the development of metastasis in CRC can aid in the search for specific therapeutic targets for improving standard treatments. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding tumor biology and the use of stroma cells as prognostic factors and inflammatory inducers associated with the use of tumor microenvironments as a promoter of cancer metastasis. Moreover, we look into the importance of CSC, pericytes, and circulating tumor cells as mechanisms that lead to liver metastasis, and we also focus on the cellular and molecular pathways that modulate and regulate epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Finally, we discuss a novel therapeutic target that can potentially eliminate CSCs as a CRC treatment.
AB - Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality. Tumorigenesis is a dynamic process wherein cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their microenvironment promote initiation, progression, and metastasis. Metastatic colonization is an inefficient process that is very complex and is poorly understood; however, in most cases, metastatic disease is not curable, and resistance mechanisms tend to develop against conventional treatments. An understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors that contribute to the development of metastasis in CRC can aid in the search for specific therapeutic targets for improving standard treatments. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding tumor biology and the use of stroma cells as prognostic factors and inflammatory inducers associated with the use of tumor microenvironments as a promoter of cancer metastasis. Moreover, we look into the importance of CSC, pericytes, and circulating tumor cells as mechanisms that lead to liver metastasis, and we also focus on the cellular and molecular pathways that modulate and regulate epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Finally, we discuss a novel therapeutic target that can potentially eliminate CSCs as a CRC treatment.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090218382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85090218382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fonc.2020.01511
DO - 10.3389/fonc.2020.01511
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32974184
SN - 2234-943X
VL - 10
SP - 1511
JO - Frontiers in Oncology
JF - Frontiers in Oncology
IS - 1511
M1 - 1511
ER -