Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 6% to 21% of women of reproductive age and is frequently associated with Insulin Resistance (IR), a condition present in up to 70% of cases. Both conditions increase the risk of metabolic and reproductive complications such as infertility, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of multifactorial interventions, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological treatments, and supplementation, in women diagnosed with PCOS and IR to improve insulin sensitivity, regulate hormonal levels, and reduce symptoms. Methods and materials: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology, selecting studies published between 2018 and 2024. Databases used included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Clinical Key Elsevier, and Cochrane Library. Interventions analyzed included pharmacological treatments (e.g., metformin), supplementation (inositol, vitamin D, and berberine), and lifestyle modifications. Results: Metformin proved effective in improving insulin sensitivity, reducing androgen levels, and regulating menstrual cycles, though it is associated with gastrointestinal side effects. Supplements like inositol, with a daily dose of 2000 mg myo-inositol and 50 mg D-chiro-inositol, and vitamin D showed significant benefits in hormonal regulation, IR reduction, and improvement in ovulatory parameters, with good tolerance. Lifestyle changes, such as adopting low-carbohydrate diets and regular physical activity, resulted in substantial improvements in weight loss, IR control, and reductions in metabolic and reproductive symptoms. Conclusion: The combination of pharmacological treatments, supplementation, and lifestyle changes is more effective than isolated interventions, significantly improving the quality of life and metabolic and reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS and IR.
| Date of Award | 3 Dec 2024 |
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| Original language | English |
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