ANÁLISIS DE LOS HÁBITOS ALIMENTICIOS Y COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL EN PACIENTES CON VIH

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Now a days nutrition plays a key role in the treatment, management and prevention of human
pathologies just like in HIV. In what concerns to this immune system disease an adequate
nutrition strengthens the immune system and reduces the syntomathology, which in turn gives
the patient a better life quality. Thus it is very important to investigate the effects of nutrition in
this pathology.
HIV is classified as a chronic degenerative disease in which the number of CD4 lymphocytes
diminishes causing a loss in the immune response. (Lázaro et Al. 2013) When HIV progresses
into an advanced stage it is known as AIDS. (OMS, 2018) At the time a person contracts HIV the
virus provokes a weakening of the immune system making it easier to acquire infections or
cancers that may cause death. (Darroff et Al. 2016)
A random sample at convenience was made for this study from which a sample of 13 mexican
adults was obtained. Interventions consisting of nutritional guidance were carried out and a
nutritional information guide for patients with HIV was given. Added to this personalized
nutrition consult which consisted of anthropometric and dietetic evaluations were done. At the
end of each consult the patients received menus and portioned food lists according to their needs.
A follow-up for the nutritional consults was also carried out within 15 days, to evaluate the
effectiveness of the intervention.
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By the end of the intervention there was an statistically significant reduction on the fat
percentage (P ≤ 0.034) which shows that there were positive outcomes on the body composition
after the nutritional intervention based on the Mediterranean Diet. On the other hand statistical
significance wasn´t observed in the other variables due to bias related to sample size,
abandonment and time limitations; all this is observed in a more notorious way on the weight
variable since the bias produced on this parameter is attainable to the fact that the main objective
of the intervention of some subjects was weight gain, while in others was weight loss to
counteract the symptomatology and the involuntary weight loss that accompanies the disease.

Date of Award	6 Dec 2018
Original language	Spanish
Awarding Institution	Universidad de Monterrey