Validation of VSPAERO for Basic Wing Simulation

Potential flow theory-based numerical solvers have gained popularity for rapid and straightforward aerodynamic modeling across various applications, particularly in the early stages of design and in resource-limited projects such as small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). These solvers offer a cost-effective solution for analyzing aerodynamic performance, and several well-established methods have demonstrated strong alignment with experimental data. Among these solvers is VSPAERO, a relatively recent addition integrated within the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) OpenVSP aircraft design software. Despite its growing use, a comprehensive validation of the VSPAERO solver remains necessary to ensure its reliability in diverse scenarios. This article presents a validation of the VSPAERO solver by conducting a series of case studies. The assessment includes comparisons against reference values obtained through empirical relationships, results from other established aerodynamic solvers and experimental data from wind tunnel testing. The assessment covers a range of geometries and flow conditions, highlighting areas where the solver performs well and identifying any limitations in its application. The findings provide insights into the meshing parameters required for accurate simulations, as well as the types of geometries and flow conditions for which VSPAERO can be considered a reliable tool. As a conclusion, the article presents a series of best practices and guidelines that are recommended to improve the accuracy and efficiency of future aerodynamic simulations conducted using this software. These recommendations are intended to serve as a valuable reference for both researchers and engineers involved in aerodynamic modeling, particularly those working on projects with tight budgets or in the preliminary stages of aircraft design.