Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

Jennifer K. Bosson; Paweł Jurek; Joseph A. Vandello; Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka; Michał Olech; Tomasz Besta; Michael Bender; Vera Hoorens; Maja Becker; A. Timur Sevincer; Deborah L. Best; Saba Safdar; Anna Włodarczyk; Magdalena Zawisza; Magdalena Żadkowska; Sami Abuhamdeh; Collins Badu Agyemang; Gülçin Akbaş; Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir; Soline Ammirati; Joel Anderson; Gulnaz Anjum; Amarina Ariyanto; John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta; Mujeeba Ashraf; Aistė Bakaitytė; Chiara Bertolli; Dashamir Bërxulli; Chongzeng Bi; Katharina Block; Mandy Boehnke; Renata Bongiorno; Janine Bosak; Annalisa Casini; Qingwei Chen; Peilian Chi; Vera Cubela Adoric; Serena Daalmans; Justine Dandy; Soledad de Lemus; Sandesh Dhakal; Nikolay Dvorianchikov; Sonoko Egami; Edgardo Etchezahar; Carla Sofia Esteves; Neto Felix; Laura Froehlich; Efrain Garcia-Sanchez; Alin Gavreliuc; Dana Gavreliuc; Ángel Gomez; Francesca Guizzo; Sylvie Graf; Hedy Greijdanus; Ani Grigoryan; Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska; Keltouma Guerch; Marie Gustafsson Sendén; Miriam Linnea Hale; Hannah Hämer; Mika Hirai; Lam Hoang Duc; Martina Hřebíčková; Paul B. Hutchings; Dorthe Høj Jensen; Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti; Serdar Karabati; Kaltrina Kelmendi; Gabriella Kengyel; Narine Khachatryan; Rawan Ghazzawi; Mary Kinahan; Teri A. Kirby; Monika Kovács; Desiree Kozlowski; Vladislav Krivoshchekov; Clara Kulich; Tai Kurosawa; Nhan Thi Lac An; Javier Labarthe; Ioana Latu; Mary Anne Lauri; Eric Mankowski; Abiodun Musbau Lawal; Junyi Li; Jana Lindner; Anna Lindqvist; Angela T. Maitner; Elena Makarova; Ana Makashvili; Shera Malayeri; Sadia Malik; Tiziana Mancini; Claudia Manzi; Silvia Mari; Sarah E. Martiny; Claude Hélène Mayer; Vladimir Mihić; Jasna Milošević Đorđević; Eva Moreno-Bella; Silvia Moscatelli; Andrew Bryan Moynihan; Dominique Muller; Erita Narhetali; Félix Neto; Kimberly A. Noels; Boglárka Nyúl; Emma C. O’Connor; Danielle P. Ochoa; Sachiko Ohno; Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo; Randall Osborne; Maria Giuseppina Pacilli; Jorge Palacio; Snigdha Patnaik; Vassilis Pavlopoulos; Pablo Pérez de León; Ivana Piterová; Juliana Barreiros Porto; Angelica Puzio; Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna; Erico Rentería Pérez; Emma Renström; Tiphaine Rousseaux; Michelle K. Ryan; Mario Sainz; Marco Salvati; Adil Samekin; Simon Schindler; Masoumeh Seydi; Debra Shepherd; Sara Sherbaji; Toni Schmader; Cláudia Simão; Rosita Sobhie; Lucille De Souza; Emma Sarter; Dijana Sulejmanović; Katie E. Sullivan; Mariko Tatsumi; Lucy Tavitian-Elmadjian; Suparna Jain Thakur; Quang Thi Mong Chi; Beatriz Torre; Ana Torres; Claudio V. Torres; Beril Türkoğlu; Joaquín Ungaretti; Timothy Valshtein; Colette Van Laar; Jolanda van der Noll; Vadym Vasiutynskyi; Christin Melanie Vauclair; Satu Venäläinen; Neharika Vohra; Marta Walentynowicz; Colleen Ward; Yaping Yang; Vincent Yzerbyt; Valeska Zanello; Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente; Rita Žukauskienė

doi:10.1177/0022022121997997

Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

Jennifer K. Bosson^*, Paweł Jurek, Joseph A. Vandello, Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Michał Olech, Tomasz Besta, Michael Bender, Vera Hoorens, Maja Becker, A. Timur Sevincer, Deborah L. Best, Saba Safdar, Anna Włodarczyk, Magdalena Zawisza, Magdalena Żadkowska, Sami Abuhamdeh, Collins Badu Agyemang, Gülçin Akbaş, Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir, Soline AmmiratiJoel Anderson, Gulnaz Anjum, Amarina Ariyanto, John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, Mujeeba Ashraf, Aistė Bakaitytė, Chiara Bertolli, Dashamir Bërxulli, Chongzeng Bi, Katharina Block, Mandy Boehnke, Renata Bongiorno, Janine Bosak, Annalisa Casini, Qingwei Chen, Peilian Chi, Vera Cubela Adoric, Serena Daalmans, Justine Dandy, Soledad de Lemus, Sandesh Dhakal, Nikolay Dvorianchikov, Sonoko Egami, Edgardo Etchezahar, Carla Sofia Esteves, Neto Felix, Laura Froehlich, Efrain Garcia-Sanchez, Alin Gavreliuc, Dana Gavreliuc, Ángel Gomez, Francesca Guizzo, Sylvie Graf, Hedy Greijdanus, Ani Grigoryan, Joanna Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Keltouma Guerch, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Miriam Linnea Hale, Hannah Hämer, Mika Hirai, Lam Hoang Duc, Martina Hřebíčková, Paul B. Hutchings, Dorthe Høj Jensen, Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti, Serdar Karabati, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Gabriella Kengyel, Narine Khachatryan, Rawan Ghazzawi, Mary Kinahan, Teri A. Kirby, Monika Kovács, Desiree Kozlowski, Vladislav Krivoshchekov, Clara Kulich, Tai Kurosawa, Nhan Thi Lac An, Javier Labarthe, Ioana Latu, Mary Anne Lauri, Eric Mankowski, Abiodun Musbau Lawal, Junyi Li, Jana Lindner, Anna Lindqvist, Angela T. Maitner, Elena Makarova, Ana Makashvili, Shera Malayeri, Sadia Malik, Tiziana Mancini, Claudia Manzi, Silvia Mari, Sarah E. Martiny, Claude Hélène Mayer, Vladimir Mihić, Jasna Milošević Đorđević, Eva Moreno-Bella, Silvia Moscatelli, Andrew Bryan Moynihan, Dominique Muller, Erita Narhetali, Félix Neto, Kimberly A. Noels, Boglárka Nyúl, Emma C. O’Connor, Danielle P. Ochoa, Sachiko Ohno, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo, Randall Osborne, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Jorge Palacio, Snigdha Patnaik, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Pablo Pérez de León, Ivana Piterová, Juliana Barreiros Porto, Angelica Puzio, Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Erico Rentería Pérez, Emma Renström, Tiphaine Rousseaux, Michelle K. Ryan, Mario Sainz, Marco Salvati, Adil Samekin, Simon Schindler, Masoumeh Seydi, Debra Shepherd, Sara Sherbaji, Toni Schmader, Cláudia Simão, Rosita Sobhie, Lucille De Souza, Emma Sarter, Dijana Sulejmanović, Katie E. Sullivan, Mariko Tatsumi, Lucy Tavitian-Elmadjian, Suparna Jain Thakur, Quang Thi Mong Chi, Beatriz Torre, Ana Torres, Claudio V. Torres, Beril Türkoğlu, Joaquín Ungaretti, Timothy Valshtein, Colette Van Laar, Jolanda van der Noll, Vadym Vasiutynskyi, Christin Melanie Vauclair, Satu Venäläinen, Neharika Vohra, Marta Walentynowicz, Colleen Ward, Yaping Yang, Vincent Yzerbyt, Valeska Zanello, Antonella Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Rita Žukauskienė

^*Corresponding author for this work

Departamento de Psicología

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	231-258
Number of pages	28
Journal	Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
Volume	52
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022121997997
Publication status	Published - Apr 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O?Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educaci?n a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina H?eb??kov? (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Send?n, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstr?m (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia).

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.

Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O’Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina Hřebíčková (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renström (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia).

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Social Psychology
Cultural Studies
Anthropology

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10.1177/0022022121997997

Cite this

Bosson, J. K., Jurek, P., Vandello, J. A., Kosakowska-Berezecka, N., Olech, M., Besta, T., Bender, M., Hoorens, V., Becker, M., Timur Sevincer, A., Best, D. L., Safdar, S., Włodarczyk, A., Zawisza, M., Żadkowska, M., Abuhamdeh, S., Badu Agyemang, C., Akbaş, G., Albayrak-Aydemir, N., ... Žukauskienė, R. (2021). Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 52(3), 231-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022121997997

@article{8abc90ce129d4a2cbea51615840495db,

title = "Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations",

abstract = "Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB{\textquoteright}s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.",

author = "Bosson, {Jennifer K.} and Pawe{\l} Jurek and Vandello, {Joseph A.} and Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka and Micha{\l} Olech and Tomasz Besta and Michael Bender and Vera Hoorens and Maja Becker and {Timur Sevincer}, A. and Best, {Deborah L.} and Saba Safdar and Anna W{\l}odarczyk and Magdalena Zawisza and Magdalena {\.Z}adkowska and Sami Abuhamdeh and {Badu Agyemang}, Collins and G{\"u}l{\c c}in Akba{\c s} and Nihan Albayrak-Aydemir and Soline Ammirati and Joel Anderson and Gulnaz Anjum and Amarina Ariyanto and {Jamir Benzon R. Aruta}, John and Mujeeba Ashraf and Aistė Bakaitytė and Chiara Bertolli and Dashamir B{\"e}rxulli and Chongzeng Bi and Katharina Block and Mandy Boehnke and Renata Bongiorno and Janine Bosak and Annalisa Casini and Qingwei Chen and Peilian Chi and {Cubela Adoric}, Vera and Serena Daalmans and Justine Dandy and Lemus, {Soledad de} and Sandesh Dhakal and Nikolay Dvorianchikov and Sonoko Egami and Edgardo Etchezahar and {Sofia Esteves}, Carla and Neto Felix and Laura Froehlich and Efrain Garcia-Sanchez and Alin Gavreliuc and Dana Gavreliuc and {\'A}ngel Gomez and Francesca Guizzo and Sylvie Graf and Hedy Greijdanus and Ani Grigoryan and Joanna Grzyma{\l}a-Moszczy{\'n}ska and Keltouma Guerch and {Gustafsson Send{\'e}n}, Marie and Hale, {Miriam Linnea} and Hannah H{\"a}mer and Mika Hirai and {Hoang Duc}, Lam and Martina H{\v r}eb{\'i}{\v c}kov{\'a} and Hutchings, {Paul B.} and {H{\o}j Jensen}, Dorthe and Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti and Serdar Karabati and Kaltrina Kelmendi and Gabriella Kengyel and Narine Khachatryan and Rawan Ghazzawi and Mary Kinahan and Kirby, {Teri A.} and Monika Kov{\'a}cs and Desiree Kozlowski and Vladislav Krivoshchekov and Clara Kulich and Tai Kurosawa and {Thi Lac An}, Nhan and Javier Labarthe and Ioana Latu and {Anne Lauri}, Mary and Eric Mankowski and {Musbau Lawal}, Abiodun and Junyi Li and Jana Lindner and Anna Lindqvist and Maitner, {Angela T.} and Elena Makarova and Ana Makashvili and Shera Malayeri and Sadia Malik and Tiziana Mancini and Claudia Manzi and Silvia Mari and Martiny, {Sarah E.} and Mayer, {Claude H{\'e}l{\`e}ne} and Vladimir Mihi{\'c} and {Milo{\v s}evi{\'c} {\D}or{\d}evi{\'c}}, Jasna and Eva Moreno-Bella and Silvia Moscatelli and {Bryan Moynihan}, Andrew and Dominique Muller and Erita Narhetali and F{\'e}lix Neto and Noels, {Kimberly A.} and Bogl{\'a}rka Ny{\'u}l and O{\textquoteright}Connor, {Emma C.} and Ochoa, {Danielle P.} and Sachiko Ohno and {Olanrewaju Adebayo}, Sulaiman and Randall Osborne and {Giuseppina Pacilli}, Maria and Jorge Palacio and Snigdha Patnaik and Vassilis Pavlopoulos and {P{\'e}rez de Le{\'o}n}, Pablo and Ivana Piterov{\'a} and {Barreiros Porto}, Juliana and Angelica Puzio and Joanna Pyrkosz-Pacyna and {Renter{\'i}a P{\'e}rez}, Erico and Emma Renstr{\"o}m and Tiphaine Rousseaux and Ryan, {Michelle K.} and Mario Sainz and Marco Salvati and Adil Samekin and Simon Schindler and Masoumeh Seydi and Debra Shepherd and Sara Sherbaji and Toni Schmader and Cl{\'a}udia Sim{\~a}o and Rosita Sobhie and Souza, {Lucille De} and Emma Sarter and Dijana Sulejmanovi{\'c} and Sullivan, {Katie E.} and Mariko Tatsumi and Lucy Tavitian-Elmadjian and {Jain Thakur}, Suparna and {Thi Mong Chi}, Quang and Beatriz Torre and Ana Torres and Torres, {Claudio V.} and Beril T{\"u}rkoğlu and Joaqu{\'i}n Ungaretti and Timothy Valshtein and {Van Laar}, Colette and {van der Noll}, Jolanda and Vadym Vasiutynskyi and Vauclair, {Christin Melanie} and Satu Ven{\"a}l{\"a}inen and Neharika Vohra and Marta Walentynowicz and Colleen Ward and Yaping Yang and Vincent Yzerbyt and Valeska Zanello and {Ludmila Zapata-Calvente}, Antonella and Rita {\v Z}ukauskienė",

note = "Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O?Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educaci?n a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina H?eb??kov? (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Send?n, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstr?m (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021. Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O{\textquoteright}Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educaci{\'o}n a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina H{\v r}eb{\'i}{\v c}kov{\'a} (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Send{\'e}n, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstr{\"o}m (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021.",

year = "2021",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1177/0022022121997997",

language = "English",

volume = "52",

pages = "231--258",

journal = "Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology",

issn = "0022-0221",

publisher = "SAGE Publications Inc.",

number = "3",

}

Bosson, JK, Jurek, P, Vandello, JA, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Olech, M, Besta, T, Bender, M, Hoorens, V, Becker, M, Timur Sevincer, A, Best, DL, Safdar, S, Włodarczyk, A, Zawisza, M, Żadkowska, M, Abuhamdeh, S, Badu Agyemang, C, Akbaş, G, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Ammirati, S, Anderson, J, Anjum, G, Ariyanto, A, Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, J, Ashraf, M, Bakaitytė, A, Bertolli, C, Bërxulli, D, Bi, C, Block, K, Boehnke, M, Bongiorno, R, Bosak, J, Casini, A, Chen, Q, Chi, P, Cubela Adoric, V, Daalmans, S, Dandy, J, Lemus, SD, Dhakal, S, Dvorianchikov, N, Egami, S, Etchezahar, E, Sofia Esteves, C, Felix, N, Froehlich, L, Garcia-Sanchez, E, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gomez, Á, Guizzo, F, Graf, S, Greijdanus, H, Grigoryan, A, Grzymała-Moszczyńska, J, Guerch, K, Gustafsson Sendén, M, Hale, ML, Hämer, H, Hirai, M, Hoang Duc, L, Hřebíčková, M, Hutchings, PB, Høj Jensen, D, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Karabati, S, Kelmendi, K, Kengyel, G, Khachatryan, N, Ghazzawi, R, Kinahan, M, Kirby, TA, Kovács, M, Kozlowski, D, Krivoshchekov, V, Kulich, C, Kurosawa, T, Thi Lac An, N, Labarthe, J, Latu, I, Anne Lauri, M, Mankowski, E, Musbau Lawal, A, Li, J, Lindner, J, Lindqvist, A, Maitner, AT, Makarova, E, Makashvili, A, Malayeri, S, Malik, S, Mancini, T, Manzi, C, Mari, S, Martiny, SE, Mayer, CH, Mihić, V, Milošević Đorđević, J, Moreno-Bella, E, Moscatelli, S, Bryan Moynihan, A, Muller, D, Narhetali, E, Neto, F, Noels, KA, Nyúl, B, O’Connor, EC, Ochoa, DP, Ohno, S, Olanrewaju Adebayo, S, Osborne, R, Giuseppina Pacilli, M, Palacio, J, Patnaik, S, Pavlopoulos, V, Pérez de León, P, Piterová, I, Barreiros Porto, J, Puzio, A, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Rentería Pérez, E, Renström, E, Rousseaux, T, Ryan, MK, Sainz, M, Salvati, M, Samekin, A, Schindler, S, Seydi, M, Shepherd, D, Sherbaji, S, Schmader, T, Simão, C, Sobhie, R, Souza, LD, Sarter, E, Sulejmanović, D, Sullivan, KE, Tatsumi, M, Tavitian-Elmadjian, L, Jain Thakur, S, Thi Mong Chi, Q, Torre, B, Torres, A, Torres, CV, Türkoğlu, B, Ungaretti, J, Valshtein, T, Van Laar, C, van der Noll, J, Vasiutynskyi, V, Vauclair, CM, Venäläinen, S, Vohra, N, Walentynowicz, M, Ward, C, Yang, Y, Yzerbyt, V, Zanello, V, Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, A & Žukauskienė, R 2021, 'Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations', Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 231-258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022121997997

TY - JOUR

T1 - Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

AU - Bosson, Jennifer K.

AU - Jurek, Paweł

AU - Vandello, Joseph A.

AU - Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza

AU - Olech, Michał

AU - Besta, Tomasz

AU - Bender, Michael

AU - Hoorens, Vera

AU - Becker, Maja

AU - Timur Sevincer, A.

AU - Best, Deborah L.

AU - Safdar, Saba

AU - Włodarczyk, Anna

AU - Zawisza, Magdalena

AU - Żadkowska, Magdalena

AU - Abuhamdeh, Sami

AU - Badu Agyemang, Collins

AU - Akbaş, Gülçin

AU - Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan

AU - Ammirati, Soline

AU - Anderson, Joel

AU - Anjum, Gulnaz

AU - Ariyanto, Amarina

AU - Jamir Benzon R. Aruta, John

AU - Ashraf, Mujeeba

AU - Bakaitytė, Aistė

AU - Bertolli, Chiara

AU - Bërxulli, Dashamir

AU - Bi, Chongzeng

AU - Block, Katharina

AU - Boehnke, Mandy

AU - Bongiorno, Renata

AU - Bosak, Janine

AU - Casini, Annalisa

AU - Chen, Qingwei

AU - Chi, Peilian

AU - Cubela Adoric, Vera

AU - Daalmans, Serena

AU - Dandy, Justine

AU - Lemus, Soledad de

AU - Dhakal, Sandesh

AU - Dvorianchikov, Nikolay

AU - Egami, Sonoko

AU - Etchezahar, Edgardo

AU - Sofia Esteves, Carla

AU - Felix, Neto

AU - Froehlich, Laura

AU - Garcia-Sanchez, Efrain

AU - Gavreliuc, Alin

AU - Gavreliuc, Dana

AU - Gomez, Ángel

AU - Guizzo, Francesca

AU - Graf, Sylvie

AU - Greijdanus, Hedy

AU - Grigoryan, Ani

AU - Grzymała-Moszczyńska, Joanna

AU - Guerch, Keltouma

AU - Gustafsson Sendén, Marie

AU - Hale, Miriam Linnea

AU - Hämer, Hannah

AU - Hirai, Mika

AU - Hoang Duc, Lam

AU - Hřebíčková, Martina

AU - Hutchings, Paul B.

AU - Høj Jensen, Dorthe

AU - Jasinskaja-Lahti, Inga

AU - Karabati, Serdar

AU - Kelmendi, Kaltrina

AU - Kengyel, Gabriella

AU - Khachatryan, Narine

AU - Ghazzawi, Rawan

AU - Kinahan, Mary

AU - Kirby, Teri A.

AU - Kovács, Monika

AU - Kozlowski, Desiree

AU - Krivoshchekov, Vladislav

AU - Kulich, Clara

AU - Kurosawa, Tai

AU - Thi Lac An, Nhan

AU - Labarthe, Javier

AU - Latu, Ioana

AU - Anne Lauri, Mary

AU - Mankowski, Eric

AU - Musbau Lawal, Abiodun

AU - Li, Junyi

AU - Lindner, Jana

AU - Lindqvist, Anna

AU - Maitner, Angela T.

AU - Makarova, Elena

AU - Makashvili, Ana

AU - Malayeri, Shera

AU - Malik, Sadia

AU - Mancini, Tiziana

AU - Manzi, Claudia

AU - Mari, Silvia

AU - Martiny, Sarah E.

AU - Mayer, Claude Hélène

AU - Mihić, Vladimir

AU - Milošević Đorđević, Jasna

AU - Moreno-Bella, Eva

AU - Moscatelli, Silvia

AU - Bryan Moynihan, Andrew

AU - Muller, Dominique

AU - Narhetali, Erita

AU - Neto, Félix

AU - Noels, Kimberly A.

AU - Nyúl, Boglárka

AU - O’Connor, Emma C.

AU - Ochoa, Danielle P.

AU - Ohno, Sachiko

AU - Olanrewaju Adebayo, Sulaiman

AU - Osborne, Randall

AU - Giuseppina Pacilli, Maria

AU - Palacio, Jorge

AU - Patnaik, Snigdha

AU - Pavlopoulos, Vassilis

AU - Pérez de León, Pablo

AU - Piterová, Ivana

AU - Barreiros Porto, Juliana

AU - Puzio, Angelica

AU - Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna

AU - Rentería Pérez, Erico

AU - Renström, Emma

AU - Rousseaux, Tiphaine

AU - Ryan, Michelle K.

AU - Sainz, Mario

AU - Salvati, Marco

AU - Samekin, Adil

AU - Schindler, Simon

AU - Seydi, Masoumeh

AU - Shepherd, Debra

AU - Sherbaji, Sara

AU - Schmader, Toni

AU - Simão, Cláudia

AU - Sobhie, Rosita

AU - Souza, Lucille De

AU - Sarter, Emma

AU - Sulejmanović, Dijana

AU - Sullivan, Katie E.

AU - Tatsumi, Mariko

AU - Tavitian-Elmadjian, Lucy

AU - Jain Thakur, Suparna

AU - Thi Mong Chi, Quang

AU - Torre, Beatriz

AU - Torres, Ana

AU - Torres, Claudio V.

AU - Türkoğlu, Beril

AU - Ungaretti, Joaquín

AU - Valshtein, Timothy

AU - Van Laar, Colette

AU - van der Noll, Jolanda

AU - Vasiutynskyi, Vadym

AU - Vauclair, Christin Melanie

AU - Venäläinen, Satu

AU - Vohra, Neharika

AU - Walentynowicz, Marta

AU - Ward, Colleen

AU - Yang, Yaping

AU - Yzerbyt, Vincent

AU - Zanello, Valeska

AU - Ludmila Zapata-Calvente, Antonella

AU - Žukauskienė, Rita

N1 - Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O?Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educaci?n a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina H?eb??kov? (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Send?n, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renstr?m (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia). Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was funded by a Grant from the National Science Centre in Poland (Grant Number: 2017/26/M/HS6/00360) awarded to Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka. Data collection by the following researchers was supported by Grants as follows: Emma C. O’Connor (Grant RL5GM118963 from National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health; Angel Gomez (Grant RTI2018-093550-B-I00 from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain); Sylvie Graf and Martina Hřebíčková (Grant 20-01214S from the Czech Science Foundation, and Grant RVO: 68081740 from the Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences); Teri A. Kirby (Grant ES/S00274X/1 from the Economic and Social Research Council); Soledad de Lemus (Grant PSI2016-79971-P from Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the excellence); Michelle K. Ryan and Renata Bongiorno (Grant ERC-2016-COG 725128 from the European Research Council awarded to Michelle K. Ryan); Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Anna Lindqvist and Emma Renström (Grant 2017-00414 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare); Claudio V. Torres (Grant DPI / DIRPE n. 04/2019 from the University of Brasilia). Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021.

PY - 2021/4

Y1 - 2021/4

N2 - Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.

AB - Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of gender equality and human development. Using data from university samples in 62 countries across 13 world regions (N = 33,417), we demonstrate: (1) the psychometric isomorphism of the PMB (i.e., its comparability in meaning and statistical properties across the individual and country levels); (2) the PMB’s distinctness from, and associations with, ambivalent sexism and ambivalence toward men; and (3) associations of the PMB with nation-level gender equality and human development. Findings are discussed in terms of their statistical and theoretical implications for understanding widely-held beliefs about the precariousness of the male gender role.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85102196306&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/b3390026-5b1d-31e7-a137-86a445fee48d/

U2 - 10.1177/0022022121997997

DO - 10.1177/0022022121997997

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85102196306

SN - 0022-0221

VL - 52

SP - 231

EP - 258

JO - Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

JF - Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology

IS - 3

ER -

Psychometric Properties and Correlates of Precarious Manhood Beliefs in 62 Nations

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