Cyclooxygenase-2 and kidney failure

Amelia Rios, Hilda Vargas-Robles, Ana Maria Gámez-Méndez, Bruno Alfonso Escalante Acosta

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

39 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent prostaglandins are necessary for normal kidney function. These prostaglandins are associated with inflammation, maintenance of sodium and water homeostasis, control of renin release, renal vasodilation, vasoconstriction attenuation, and prenatal renal development. COX-2 expression is regulated by the renin-angiotensin system, glucocorticoids or mineralcorticoids, and aldosterone, supporting a role for COX-2 in kidney function. Indeed, COX-2 mRNA and protein levels as well as enzyme activity are increased, along with PGE2, during kidney failure. In addition, changes in COX-2 expression are associated with increased blood pressure, urinary volume, sodium and protein and decreased urinary osmolarity. Intrarenal mechanisms such as angiotensin II (Ang II) production, increased sodium delivery, glomerular hypertension, and renal tubular inflammation have been suggested to be responsible for the increase in COX-2 expression. Although, specific COX-2 pharmacological inhibition has been related to the prevention of kidney damage, clinical studies have reported that COX-2 inhibition may cause side effects such as edema or a modest elevation in blood pressure and could possibly interfere with antihypertensive drugs and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications. Thus, administration of COX-2 inhibitors requires caution, especially in the presence of underlying cardiovascular disease.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)86-90
Number of pages5
JournalJournal of Lipid Mediators and Cell Signalling
Volume98
Issue number3-4
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2012
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Mexican Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) , Research grant 81359 to Dr. Escalante and a CONACYT fellowship to Ana Gamez.

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