TY - JOUR
T1 - Consensus guidelines for botulinum toxin therapy
T2 - general algorithms and dosing tables for dystonia and spasticity
AU - Dressler, Dirk
AU - Altavista, Maria Concetta
AU - Altenmueller, Eckart
AU - Bhidayasiri, Roongroj
AU - Bohlega, Saeed
AU - Chana, Pedro
AU - Chung, Tae Mo
AU - Colosimo, Carlo
AU - Fheodoroff, Klemens
AU - Garcia-Ruiz, Pedro J.
AU - Jeon, Beomseok
AU - Jin, Lingjing
AU - Kanovsky, Petr
AU - Milanov, Ivan
AU - Micheli, Federico
AU - Orlova, Olga
AU - Pandey, Sanjay
AU - Pirtosek, Zvezdan
AU - Relja, Maja
AU - Rosales, Raymond
AU - Sagástegui-Rodríguez, José Alberto
AU - Shahidi, Gholam Ali
AU - Timerbaeva, Sofia
AU - Wan, Xinhua
AU - Walter, Uwe
AU - Saberi, Fereshte Adib
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was supported by unrestricted educational grants from Allergan and from Merz Pharmaceuticals. Lingjin Jin was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1314700).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Botulinum toxin (BT) therapy is a complex and highly individualised therapy defined by treatment algorithms and injection schemes describing its target muscles and their dosing. Various consensus guidelines have tried to standardise and to improve BT therapy. We wanted to update and improve consensus guidelines by: (1) Acknowledging recent advances of treatment algorithms. (2) Basing dosing tables on statistical analyses of real-life treatment data of 1831 BT injections in 36 different target muscles in 420 dystonia patients and 1593 BT injections in 31 different target muscles in 240 spasticity patients. (3) Providing more detailed dosing data including typical doses, dose variabilities, and dosing limits. (4) Including total doses and target muscle selections for typical clinical entities thus adapting dosing to different aetiologies and pathophysiologies. (5) In addition, providing a brief and concise review of the clinical entity treated together with general principles of its BT therapy. For this, we collaborated with IAB—Interdisciplinary Working Group for Movement Disorders which invited an international panel of experts for the support.
AB - Botulinum toxin (BT) therapy is a complex and highly individualised therapy defined by treatment algorithms and injection schemes describing its target muscles and their dosing. Various consensus guidelines have tried to standardise and to improve BT therapy. We wanted to update and improve consensus guidelines by: (1) Acknowledging recent advances of treatment algorithms. (2) Basing dosing tables on statistical analyses of real-life treatment data of 1831 BT injections in 36 different target muscles in 420 dystonia patients and 1593 BT injections in 31 different target muscles in 240 spasticity patients. (3) Providing more detailed dosing data including typical doses, dose variabilities, and dosing limits. (4) Including total doses and target muscle selections for typical clinical entities thus adapting dosing to different aetiologies and pathophysiologies. (5) In addition, providing a brief and concise review of the clinical entity treated together with general principles of its BT therapy. For this, we collaborated with IAB—Interdisciplinary Working Group for Movement Disorders which invited an international panel of experts for the support.
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U2 - 10.1007/s00702-021-02312-4
DO - 10.1007/s00702-021-02312-4
M3 - Article
C2 - 33635442
AN - SCOPUS:85101740830
SN - 0300-9564
VL - 128
SP - 321
EP - 335
JO - Journal of Neural Transmission
JF - Journal of Neural Transmission
IS - 3
ER -
